An Argument in Support of Illegal Downloading Essay

An Argument in Support of Illegal Downloading - Essay Example The music business professes to be the most unfavorably influenced by the pattern in unlawful downloading with lost benefits adding up to billions of dollars as indicated by the Recording Industry Association of America. Between the long stretches of 2004 and 2009, an expected 30 billion melodies were document shared wrongfully despite the fact that authentic download roads, for example, Itunes and Rhapsody exist for tune downloading at a negligible expense to the purchaser (Adkins, Amy â€Å"How Does Illegally Downloading Music Impact the Music Industry?†). Pioneers of the business guarantee this means around 12.5 billion in misfortunes since Napster, the primary free record sharing site previously propelled in 1999. Their lone plan of action in this circumstance is to attempt to find the people who have unlawfully downloaded the music and afterward suing them for a huge number of dollars in evaluated lost income. Simply pondering the way that the music business is attempting to control illicit downloading makes my head turn. There are insufficient law authorities in the nation to screen the online exercises of the considerable number of Americans, also that such a follow up on their part is an infringement of the protection of that specific person. The individuals who are sufficiently unfortunate to get captured are sued for what? A sum that the RIAA realizes the individual can't stand to pay? What exercise is educated at that point? Does it alarm others into halting the criminal behavior? There are other and progressively successful approaches to get to these individuals. The business additionally asserts that these exercises bring about cutbacks and loss of capital for new music speculations. That is on the grounds that the music business has just constrained money related assets with which they can take into account existing ability while growing new ones. There is accepted to have... There is accepted to have been a 20 percent decrease in collection deals in 2002 according to information accumulated by Peinz and Waelbroeck (qtd. in Shannon). This abatement in deals is being accused on the unlawful downloading of music. The music business would have us accept that illicit downloading contrarily influences them in light of the fact that the music that is downloaded for nothing through document sharing administrations doesn't give them an arrival on speculation. They don't get any sovereignties for their organization that delivered the record, or the craftsman who made the record. Essentially, this kind of burglary ought to be viewed as equivalent to monetary harm in their word reference. I will talk about how uneducated this suspicion by the music business is in a later segment of this article. In the event that one were to exclusively base his assessment of unlawful document sharing on the Judgment day situation made by the film, TV, and recording industry, we wou ld imagine that they are really being harmed by the movement and, as mindful and dependable people. Along these lines, it would be to everybody's greatest advantage to stop with the criminal behavior since the individuals who illicitly download are straightforwardly taking an interest in the financial end of media outlets. Be that as it may, nothing could be further from reality. Different wellsprings of data have demonstrated that media outlets, regardless of whether they let it be known or not additionally straightforwardly advantage, and advantage extraordinarily from the illicit downloading of their materials. Truth be told, if there is whatever unlawful downloading ought to be viewed as blameworthy of.

Breaking A Social Norm free essay sample

For my sociology explore different avenues regarding breaking a social standard I went to a recreation center, yet as opposed to strolling around in a forward movement like individuals regularly do, I chose to perceive what sort of social responses I would get if I somehow happened to walk in reverse. I began strolling in reverse when I escaped the vehicle. There was nobody in the parking garage, however I wasn’t sure in the event that anybody could see me from a separation. It wasnt a pleasant outing, however it additionally wasnt coming down. I was all the while trusting I would experience a considerable lot of individuals. I back hawked my way to the path and saw three young ladies out there, they were remaining around taking in the view. One young lady saw me immediately, and afterward I had every one of the three young ladies taking a gander at me with puzzled looks. As I strolled nearer they all appeared to get enveloped with themselves, and they didn’t take a gander at me or state anything as I strolled by. So I continued strolling and got one final brisk look before I adjusted a corner. I strolled past a Jogger on the path that Just didnt appear to notice or care. I sat down on a seat to rest my legs. Its harder to stroll all over slopes hen you are strolling in reverse. I saw a couple descending the path, so I stood up and began strolling in reverse around 10 feet before them. The female didnt take a gander at me, however the male looked and didnt appear to mind on the off chance that I saw him peering toward the circumstance. He even had a half grin all over when he was attempting to make sense of things. I strolled for a couple of moments like this until I got to a territory before a scaffold crossing, so I pulled off the path to the side to let the couple pass me. Neither welcomed nor even took a gander at me. Additionally on my way back up the path, I experienced two men clasping hands n a seat, both welcomed me as I strolled by and one asked Are you having some good times? , to which I answered Yes, much obliged. . Those were the main individuals I saw during my hour trek around the recreation center. I assessed the responses I got from the various individuals I experienced. Each gathering of individuals that I met set some kind of casual socia l approvals upon me. The females that I saw appeared to be shut off, overlooking me like I wasnt there. The sprinter Just didnt appear to mind or notice what I was doing. The couple saw me, yet it appeared the male and female responded in an unexpected way. Like he past females I had experienced, the young lady appeared to be shut off needing nothing to do with me. Be that as it may, the person appeared to be entertained and thought the circumstance was somewhat hilarious. I think since it was somewhat risky and idiotic what I was doing (strolling down a smooth path in the recreation center in reverse), yet it unquestionably caused me to feel like the oddball. None of these individuals needed to be related with me Just on the grounds that I was strolling in reverse. The two guys (who I expect to be gay) appeared to be progressively agreeable and tolerating with me damaging a standard. Maybe being gay and falling outside the social standard permits them to be increasingly secure while ncountering other standard infringement. At the point when I strolled past individuals at the recreation center it was somewhat clever. Within I was figuring how idiotic this must look, and how it wasnt even down to earth to walk this way. My internal cop was revealing to me that it wasnt normal and marginally perilous. If I somehow managed to slip or fall into any other individual while I was doing it, it would be my issue. I wouldnt state it was awkward not complying with a social standard. In any case, the standard infringement itself was awkward. Strolling in reverse is harder to do at that point strolling advances, and it harms your neck investigating your houlder for the entire walk. The experience was unquestionably an intriguing glance at how it must feel to be a pariah. This investigation assisted with demonstrating that social standards are huge in the public arena. I wasnt sure how individuals would respond, yet it appeared to be apparent that similarity strongly affects individuals. I got the chance to perceive how people groups characters change when somebody is breaking a straightforward regular social standard. Strolling in reverse as opposed to strolling advances separates you from individuals and it makes you the oddball. This was a basic investigation, yet additionally happened to wind up being a great deal of fun.

Red Flags and Warning Signs in the Job Interview Process

Red Flags and Warning Signs in the Job Interview Process Are you excited that you made it to the interview?You have all the reasons to celebrate. It’s not an easy journey these days for your resume.It has had to get through the applicant tracking system, some human hands and beat lots of competition. For all your efforts, you’ve already made considerable progress.But as you may know, you still have a long way to go. And the interview is probably the hardest part of the journey to that dream job.Just as you prepared and learned how to write a great resume, you have to prepare for the interview.Much of the preparation you’ll do is meant for passing the interview. As good as that is, you also need to prepare for other possibilities.As a job seeker, it can be difficult to look beyond your need for a job. With the pending bills and desire for financial stability, you can easily become desperate for a job.Desperation can cost you the job because it’s not an attractive trait to have. But at the same time, it can also land you into problem s.The sad truth is that there are organizations where the people working there are wishing they weren’t. The way they are being treated is not right but since they need the money, they choose to stay.Whether you’re desperate for a job or not, it’s important to remember to look out for yourself. Don’t allow yourself to need a job so much that you get into the wrong work environment. The stress which comes from that costs way too much.INTERVIEW RED FLAGS AND WARNING SIGNSFortunately, with the right information, you can recognize a company in which working might not be as good as it looks.Just as with many situations, there are signs which when you see them, you should get concerned. These are the red flags which warn you of possible danger ahead.To recognize the red flags, you just have to do two things, especially after arming yourself with the information availed here. When you know the kind of things to look out for, it becomes easier to recognize them.Watch and listen care fully â€" you may think that since you’re the one being interviewed, you should only focus on impressing the interviewer. That is not the case. As much as you’re looking for a job, you don’t want to land into the wrong place.From your interaction with the interviewer, try and gather as much information as possible about the company.Although you should be observant from the time you walked into the company’s office, you can know a lot by paying attention to the interviewer.Check the body language. Think about their choice of words. Take note of anything that stands out about them. Use this information to make a wise judgment about the position and company.Ask questions â€" before the interview is over, you’ll be allowed to ask questions. Ensure you have questions and don’t just ask about the pay, benefits and work-from-home options. Anything weird you noticed while watching and listening can be clarified here.Do not settle for answers like “I’ve been working here for the past ten years. It’s a great place to work in.”You want to know what the company is truly like.So ask questions which require some explanations. Read our article about questions you should ask an interviewer.Of course, not being the interviewer limits the kind of questions you can ask and how far you can go.But with some tact, you can get some insight. Combining this with your observations can help you know what working there could be like.Here are some warning signs to look out for. Despite being in need of a job, try not to ignore these signs. Doing so can lead to a stressful employment with negative bosses or toxic work environments. Source: RWA Technology People1. The interviewer is offensiveThe interviewer should be as respectful as the interviewee. Just because they are the decision makers doesn’t give them the right to be rude or insulting. If you experience this kind of behavior, then that is a big red flag.The interviewer is largely the face of the company.This is despite any interaction you’ve had with the receptionist. Your interviewer is the person with whom you interact at length and will answer your questions about the company.If the interviewer is rude, then consider that it might be the norm in the company.If not the company, maybe it’s his own nature.But then if the company allows this kind of nature, what do you think of the other staff? What happens if everyone acts without restraint?Furthermore, how would you work with this person if it turns out that you’ll be working under him?If the interviewer isn’t showing respect to you now, he might not show it later.2. There is emphasis on worki ng hardThere is a good reason why laziness is shunned. It’s not a habit or lifestyle worth celebrating since it brings no benefits. Instead, it comes with a cost.Employers will be most happy to see the results which come from hard work.This is normal and expected. You most likely even have your resume stating that you are hardworking.But when the interviewer mentions three times or more how the company values hard work, your antennas should go up. It’s very likely that the interviewer is trying to let you know the kind of work-life balance the staff have.Research has shown that working too long or too hard isn’t necessarily the way to productivity. However, some companies don’t seem to get it. To them, hard work is the way.Don’t be fooled. An employer talking a lot about hard work even before you’re hired, could indicate an attempt to get you to agree with their terms. It’s a way of making you see the hard work as the norm.The problem is that you don’t know just how hard the “hard work“ is. In the worst of cases, the employees of the company could be overworked and with little pay.If you agree with the hard work policy, you will then be binding yourself to an overworking culture. Getting out of that situation will be challenging.3. You’re given an offer too soonAnother sure red flag is getting an offer too soon. “Too soon” might be subjective, but do you really expect only one interview in these days?And even if you’re having only one interview, how normal is it to quickly conclude that you’re the best fit?Every company seeks to do thorough interviews so as to hire only the best. There’s a deliberate intention to avoid the expense of training a new hire who leaves after two months. This could cause an unending cycle of hiring and re-hiring.If you feel as if you haven’t been taken through a thorough interview but are being offered the job, just ask for 24 hours to respond.If they push you to either take it immediately or leave it, be careful. Consider other aspects of the interview and ask yourself what the interviewer’s conduct could be pointing to.4. The job description is vagueOne of the worst thing that can happen to you is working in a position whose job description is vague.A statement like “working on tasks assigned to you by the supervisor,” without clarity on the kind of tasks those might be, is dangerous. This could lay the ground for being overworked since all kinds of tasks are thrown your way.More than that, you’ll not be able to make any career progress in such a work environment.You’ll have stressful days ahead as you work on numerous unrelated tasks for the sake of moving the company forward.Problems with vague job descriptions are usually an indicator of bigger problems with the management. In some cases, the management may be deliberately using this method to keep people under their control.Wherever job descriptions are vague, you find employees with duplicated roles. Someone m ay work on this task today then someone else works on it tomorrow.Upon asking about it, you might be told that you need to handle another task. That might be true.But what is the real motive? That kind of confusion ensures no growth.If for example you didn’t handle the task well, where is the opportunity to learn and improve?Such environments of confusion are one of the hallmarks of abusive workplaces. Your career will not progress and you might even get sick from frustration.5. The pay isn’t commensurate with the amount of workYou may have worked somewhere before. Or you simply checked Glassdoor for salary comparisons. Either way, you have an idea of what your skills are worth.When you start negotiating with the interviewer and they seem to want to stick to a low pay, be careful.The only option you should consider for a low pay is other benefits like work-from-home options and perks. If none of these are satisfactory and the pay is too low for your skills and experience, consid er walking away. Salary negotiations are another area which shows you where the company stands financially. If it’s going down and you’re just getting in, you better be sure of the recovery plan.If they’re trying to reduce costs by paying people less, then that’s not a good place to work.You will likely be working long hours as the company probably also employs fewer people to keep costs low.Working long hours should be under your discretion.Yes, at times you volunteer or simply accept a request to work over the weekend. But when too much work and little pay is the norm, something is not right.6. The interview process is disorganizedYour first impression of the company might be at the parking lot.Maybe the view of the office block or the receptionist’s desk. But apart from all these, the interviewer is the one to paint a more solid picture.The body language, speech, dressing etc aside, how would you rate your interviewer’s overall preparedness for the interview?If it’s below 7 out of 10, make a mental note of it. You will combine this with other insights gained through the process so as to make a decision on the company.If your interviewer is disorganized, is it a big deal?Well, are you disorganized? If no, and you prepared well for the interview, don’t you think she should have done the same?If the interviewer is constantly searching for something and isn’t focused on the interview, be careful.Maybe it’s just a part of the workplace culture.If being disorganized is the kind of thing which renders you unproductive, then keep away from the job. Your productivity will be affected and with that, promotions and pay rises are likely to remain a dream.7. The company/department has no employee turnoverIt’s funny how lies can be spread and designed to cover an ugly truth.And it doesn’t have to be political propaganda. As long as something is being hidden, there is a lurking danger.You probably know that high employee turnover is a sign of dange r.But what about when there is absolutely no or very low turnover?It can be tempting to think everything is fine but deep inside, it could be a big mess.Consider these two possible scenarios behind no or very low turnover claims by a company.There is no upward growth â€" if a company is experiencing growth, its employees should also be growing. When employees are growing, there are promotions and their initial positions become vacant.In other cases, those employees could be growing and deciding to venture into business or get employed by a bigger company. This brings about vacancies and indicate growth opportunities.But if people are not growing or for other reasons aren’t leaving, question it.Since everyone is stuck in their positions, how will you go up?The management is afraid of firing employees â€" this is a big problem as it indicates that the leadership of the company is incompetent. Being afraid of firing employees who need to be fired may arise from different issues.Maybe the manager is just ceremonial and doesn’t have the powers to do so. Maybe he is working with staff who have close connections with the business owner. Maybe he doesn’t have the confidence to do so etc.Whichever the case, that company most likely has unresolved issues.The issues may be ignored but certainly won’t go away.If you join such a company, you’ll be in constant conflict with other team members.This is especially if you are performance-oriented love bringing positive change.Your efforts will be thwarted and frustrations will be high.8. The company/department has high employee turnoverThe opposite of this situation is just as bad, if not worse. When a company has high employee turnover, that is also a red flag.One of the reasons could be that employees are mistreated and thus often leave. It could also be an issue with low pay, being overworked, negative workplace culture etc.Such workplaces have employees who are full of fear that they won’t talk about anything wr ong. They will embrace the wrong and maybe even approve of it.This is what happens in abusive workplaces. The boss can be so tough that no-one dares ask any question.Such an environment is not a healthy one and you should reconsider wanting to join.9. Interviewer badmouths the former office bearerYou’re familiar with and even expect the question about leaving your last job. You know well enough not to speak negatively about your former or current boss.And the same way you should be positive, so should the interviewer. If she speaks negatively about the person who previously occupied the position you’re interviewing for, take note.You may not know her opinion on the former employee but you can ask. For many candidates, when given the opportunity to ask questions, they focus on pay and working hours.But for you, since you’re also seeking to know about the company, ask your questions wisely. Find out why the former employee left, what the day-to-day job is like, what is expected of you if you get hired and similar questions.It is only when you get your interviewer talking that you can get to know some of the hidden stuff. If there is some amount of bad mouthing in the answers, just know that the same could happen when you leave.The answer you receive could also tell you whether the workplace culture is full of gossip and rumors. These are never good for a healthy work environment.10. You’re promised a pay which isn’t put in writingHere is another big one which you should pay attention to.When you get to discuss the pay, take care to get it all in writing. If you have a long list of benefits which you fear you may forget, write them down for reference.If you come to an agreement, all these, together with the terms of promotion and raises, they should be on the offer letter. If anything you decided is not there, raise the matter immediately.Do not accept the offer unless all is clearly on record.This is to protect you from being sidelined for promotions o r being treated to different terms from those agreed upon.Anytime there are inconsistencies between the agreement you had and what is in the offer, be suspicious of possible insincerity.If you work with an insincere boss, you’ll get shortchanged.This can happen either many times or always but not never. It will affect your motivation and overall productivity and later get cited as the reason you’re not promoted.Avoid insincere bosses at all costs.11. Interviewer isn’t enthusiastic about their jobAnother question you must ask the interviewer is what she enjoys about working in the company. If she doesn’t seem happy at the thought of reflecting on her employment, something is wrong.As much as employers want employees who are self-motivated, the work environment has an impact on people. If the environment is not reflective of the attitude expected of the new hire, it won’t work.Negative atmospheres are very strong. And in many cases, that which is bad can more easily affect t he good than the other way round. So, consider choosing not to be negatively influenced.If the one already working in the company struggles to show how the company is fun, don’t think you won’t struggle too.It could be that employees at the company are not treated well, are not fairly compensated or are overworked.Whatever the issue is, once the insider shows that the place may not be what you think it is, beware.12. Your gut feeling says “No”There is something in you, often referred to as your gut feeling, which knows many things even before your mind knows them. As such, your gut feeling can lead you in the right direction.The challenge is usually in following the advice of your gut feeling.Being a visual and logical being, your mind will look for evidence so as to do something. Your gut feeling on the other hand, will know something even before there is physical evidence of it and advice you accordingly.But when your mind can’t substantiate the claims or warnings from y our gut feeling, you tend to ignore them.Then later, depending on the severity of the outcome, you might live with guilt for some time and regret at not heeding the advice.When that voice from within tells you to stop, just follow it. A whisper of the word “No” means that whether physically you can see it or not, there is a real danger lurking.Just follow your instincts and stay safe.CONCLUSIONIn your search for a job, do not get desperate to the point of taking a bad job.A bad job could be one in which you’re overworked, mistreated, disrespected, abused or just paid way below what you should.These are serious dangers which could also impact your own health.Always be on the look out for warning signs and steer clear of bad working environments.

Public Relation Officers - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 301 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/09/18 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Job description Public relations (PR) is about managing reputation. This career field aims to gain understanding and support for clients as well as to influence opinion and behaviour. PR officers use all forms of media and communication to build, maintain and manage the reputation of organisations ranging from public bodies or services to businesses and voluntary organisations. They communicate key messages, often using third party endorsements, to defined target audiences in order to establish and maintain goodwill and understanding between an organisation and its public. PR officers monitor publicity and conduct research to find out the concerns and expectations of an organisations stakeholders. They then report and explain the findings to its management. Typical work activities A public relations (PR) officer often works in-house and can be found in both the private and public sectors: from the utility and media sectors to voluntary and not-for-profit organisations. Som e PR officers may be based in consultancies. The role is very varied and will depend on the organisation and sector. Tasks typically involve: * planning, developing and implementing PR strategies; liaising with colleagues and key spokespeople; * liaising with and answering enquiries from media, individuals and other organisations, often via telephone and email; * researching, writing and distributing press releases to targeted media; * collating and analysing media coverage; * writing and editing in-house magazines, case studies, speeches, articles and annual reports; * preparing and supervising the production of publicity brochures, handouts, direct mail leaflets, promotional videos, photographs, films and multimedia programmes; * devising and coordinating photo opportunities; organising events including press conferences, exhibitions, open days and press tours; * maintaining and updating information on the organisations website; * sourcing and managing speaking and sponsorship opp ortunities; * commissioning market research; * fostering community relations through events such as open days and through involvement in community initiatives; * managing the PR aspect of a potential crisis situation. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Public Relation Officers" essay for you Create order

The Framers And The Constitution - 2216 Words

Firstly, The framers wrote the Constitution with the original intent that the philosophy of interpreting it would be strict. They wanted to clearly state exactly how the government will be set up and how the powers of it will be evenly distributed. If the framers were going to make a document that completes so many great objectives and perfects the flaws of the Articles of Confederation, why would they want the people who read the Constitution to interpret it loosely? Such a philosophy would defeat the purpose of writing a Constitution all together. The framers wanted the people who read and interpret the Constitution to understand that everything said in the document is exact and that there are no implied powers within it. The idea of†¦show more content†¦John Dickinson can be used as a model for how these delegates wanted the Constitution to be viewed mainly because he was a delegate himself and also becasue he wrote the first draft of the Articles of Confederation. Since he wrote the Articles, it is safe to say that he would know the issues with it, especially since he was also on board with the ratification of the Constitution. Dickinson did not like the fact that the British taxing the colonies so much, just as most every American didn’t like it; however, Dickinson decided to write about his view and complaints in a series of essays entitled, Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania. In the letters/essays published over the years of 1767-1768, he talks about British policies and unjust laws that the British were making, as well as urging people to resist said laws. Through these letters, one can determine fairly easily that Dickinson did not approve of a monarchy, or even a very strong centralized government for that matter. Therefore, Dickinson would have never approved of any implied powers given in the Constitution as he believed that a strong centralized government was not good because it would resemble the monarchy of Britain in which he despised. Secondly, Hamilton’s philosophy of constitutional interpretation must be found and derived from the documents that he wrote or was affiliated with. The first of these documents was written entirely by

The Most Common Way of Death Inside a Jail - 536 Words

Timothy Souders was in an inferior place and suicidal when he went to jail at twenty-one for shoplifting. In his cell he brook a stool and tried to flood the cell. He was then locked up in his cell in the 100 degree weather. He denied water and died in four days. Many tragic things happen in jail such as rape, beatings, embarrassing strip searchings and gang violence. Many of these things happen from the guards and lawyers. Lawyers are know for slipping drugs in their shoes, guards have been known for selling drugs and alcohol to the inmates. A prisoner said he noticed a guard from the pub and says the guard brought him a bottle of vodka every friday. Lisa Harris was caught smuggling a phone in to a prisoner who had raped his ex girlfriend and threw acid in her face. From 2007-2008, four hundred and fifty-two jails said their death rate decreased when 324 reported an increase. In 2008 there were 960 inmates that suffered devastating deaths in the U.S. jails. In 2009 there were 948, that is one hundred and twenty-seven deaths out of every hundred thousand inmates. But there are two sides to every story one guard says he has been working in jails for over seven years and only saw one rape. The most common way of death inside jail is suicide; Suicide is also the third leading cause in prison. This is because it is a lot harder to commit suicide in prison. To commit suicide in jail or prison the prisoners do drug overdose and self inflected wounds. But the most common wayShow MoreRelatedPrison And The Prison System Essay1472 Words   |  6 Pagesleave a remarkable toll on the inmates life in many different categories. The first and arguably most important comes in the form of mental health. Living in prison with have a great impact on the psychological part of your life. For example, The prison life is a very much different way of life than what us â€Å"normal† humans are accustomed to living in our society. 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Corporate Control Essay Example For Students

Corporate Control Essay Corporate ControlIt seems that there is an ever-increasing trend in our society. Big corporations are becoming more and more influential in our lives. As they gain more and more muscle in our government they also invade our schools and many other facets of our lives. Perhaps the most disturbing area of potential influence, however, is corporate control of the media. Can the American media uphold its values of free press under pressure from big corporations? Can they continue to present the absolute truth? The simple answer, especially in my opinion, is no. The movie The Insider provides us with an excellent case to back that point of view. Perhaps one of the biggest stories of this decade has been the tobacco industry. We saw them stand before Congress and tell the world that cigarettes were not addictive. The industry was able to lawyer its way out of trouble time and time again. They essentially used legal maneuvers, and certainly money, to keep the truth from the American people. Finally, we saw all that come to an end. We will write a custom essay on Corporate Control specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now When Jeff Wigand decided it was time to tell the truth, he put everything he valued at risk. He stood to loose his family, any chance at a job, and quite possibly his life. He knew all these things and still he went on, because he thought he could make a difference. He knew that his testimony would never be heard in a court of law, so where could he turn. The answer: the fourth and fifth estates, or the press and television. Every night millions of Americans sit down and watch the nightly news or read the paper. We know that we will be told all the days news, that we will be educated about what is happening in the world around us. We also know that we will be updated on issues that we care about as individuals and a society. Another delivery mechanism for information is television magazine shows like 60 Minutes. People know that when Mike Wallace talks to them, they should listen. They can also look at his reputation and know that he is telling the truth. Wigand put faith in that fact. Wigand agreed to do an interview with 60 Minutes because he knew that people would listen. He knew that the absolute truth would finally be out in the open, and that it would come from a source that people would believe. He risked everything because he had faith in the media and journalists. What happened next is, quite frankly, disgraceful. When the tobacco industry, specifically the company BW learned that CBS intended to air the interview, they began to lean on the CBS corporate office. They threatened lawsuits that could quite possibly mean that BW would end up owning CBS. There were other factors as well. Westinghouse was about to purchase CBS. That meant that corporate managers stood to make lots of money. A lawsuit with BW could have easily made Westinghouse pull out of the deal, and people would loose money. Essentially the whole situation came down to an issue of money. CBS News decided not to air the story. It is quite obvious that they did not make that decision based upon any journalistic issues. They were being leaned on by the corporate office, which was looking at dollar signs. CBS News was setting aside the truth for money, something it never should have even considered doing. Than goodness that Lowell Bergman was there to stop the lunacy. He correctly pointed out that the CBS corporate office had no right to tell CBS News what stories it could and could not air. The truth is the truth, no matter who it damages. Bergman embarked on a crusade to see that the whole story was aired. .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91 , .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91 .postImageUrl , .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91 , .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91:hover , .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91:visited , .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91:active { border:0!important; } .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91:active , .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91 .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u695868bd1b26118d32d015cc2deb4b91:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Breast Cancer EssayEventually CBS did air the entire interview. The only did so after receiving sharp criticism in The New York Times. The Washington Post, also showed that the smear campaign that CBS was using as justification for not airing the story, was nothing more than trumped up charges. CBS was left looking quite nasty, and decided to show the interview. The whole point is that business has no right to decide what is news. They have no right to come and stop a story from airing because it might hurt their profit margin. Obviously large news organizations need to have a corporate division to handle business affairs, but business should not be allowed to effect good journalism. At one point in the film, Bergman makes a comment about the press only being free to someone who can afford it. That is a powerful comment. The whole reason that the First Amendment exists is to ensure that the government cannot interfere with what we see and hear. The sad thing is, we are allowing business to do it instead. In our fine democratic tradition, we have never allowed to control what the press prints or broadcasts. We realize that education about issues is the best insurance that we have that our political system will survive. We cling to our belief in free speech and free press as one of our greatest accomplishments. Big corporations cannot be allowed to control what we see and here. If we did, all our news would be is a series of infomercials. We would never know the truth about what was happening within those companies. If they did something wrong, they could simply not publish it. Our faith in the news would be a sham. As we look at the news, we see the war against big business being waged. In Seattle, protestors are declaring war on the World Trade Organization. Our courts have decided that Microsoft is a monopoly, and they are siding against big business one class-action suite after another. Imagine what would happen if the big corporations had kept all that out of the news, if no one knew what was happening. What a crazy world we would be living in. Social Issues

The Effects of Heroin on a Person’s Brain and Body a Literature Review free essay sample

The Effects of Heroin on a Person’s Brain and Body: A Literature Review Heroin, also known as diacetylmorphine, is an illegal drug in the United States and many other countries. Heroin has devastating results on the brain and body. This paper looks at heroin’s history, its consequences on the brain and body, addiction possibilities, and available options for treatment for heroin abusers. What is Heroin? Chemical make-up Breaking down the parts of the word, diacetylmorphine, di means two, acetyl is a radical derived from acetic acid, and morphine is a drug derived from the opium poppy plant used to relieve pain. Heroin, on the street, is generally not pure. Drug dealers often add other things in the drug to stretch their dollar (Furst, 2000). The term for adding things to a drug is called cutting it. According to Furst, easily attainable items, such as lactose and milk sugar, can cut heroin. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects of Heroin on a Person’s Brain and Body: a Literature Review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Quinine, a psychoactive drug that enhances the heroin high, is also a common choice. History Upon researching the history of heroin, very few research articles were located. Many tend to focus on its results in present day life. Unfortunately, this inequity of information in Walden University’s academic databases, the internet provided much of the information regarding the history of heroin. Using vigilant discernment and precise judgment, the following information appeared relevant and valuable in understanding the path of heroin. Heinrich Dreser, an employee of the Bayer Company (the same as today’s Bayer Asprin), first discovered heroin in 1895 by diluting morphine (PBS, 1998). It was later that heroin was advertised and sold as an over-the-counter medication. Acknowledged for having the pain relieving effects of morphine, without the side effects and addictions, heroin became the new choice for pain relief. Unfortunately, a researcher in Bayer laboratories unethically withheld the truth of this information (HeroinAbuse. Net, 2007; PBS, 1998). The use, abuse, and addiction to heroin grew in the United States, and around the world, throughout the early 1900s. Access to heroin on the streets, despite its illegal status, became easier and soon it became a headliner when American celebrities (Janis Joplin, John Belushi, and Kurt Cobain, to name a few) overdosed and died due to use of the drug and its mixture with other illegal substances (PBS, 1998). Today, heroin is still illegal, but is prominent in the lives of many who use or know someone who uses. Effects of Heroin on the Brain Drugs become illegal usually due to the negative consequences. Franken, Stam, Hendriks, and van den Brink (2004) found that heroin can have a negative result on the brain by limiting and exciting different areas leading the long time abuser to have negative characteristics similar to both Alzheimer’s patients and individuals with multiple sclerosis (dementia and brain lesions, respectively). While their study shared a lot about long-term users of heroin, it failed to present information regarding limited-use of heroin users. It is valuable information to know how heroin use affects both groups. The difference between users and abusers will be discussed in the addiction section of this paper. Li, et al. 2005) discovered major disruptions in the cerebral cortex and central nervous system when they autopsied accidental deaths of heroin addicts. While it is challenging to study the definitive effects of heroin on the brain in patients while alive, postmortem patients provide valuable information regarding the effects of heroin use on the brai n. While traces of heroin were found throughout the brain, they discovered a larger amount in the hippocampus and the basal ganglia (Li, et al. , 2005). These heroin cells left lesions in the brain, which could have lead to decreased blood flow to the organs and even death (Li, et al. , 2005). It is clear that the brain is affected by the use of heroin, next we will look at the effects of heroin on the body. Effects of Heroin on the Body Heroin affects vision. Firth (2005) studied its effects. Many heroin users reported double vision (diplopia); the author thought it was important to see whether it was a temporary or permanent condition. Eye exercises or specially made glasses corrected the majority of diplopic conditions. Shao, et al. (2006), tested and found that those with the DRD4 VNTR long repeat allele were more likely to crave heroin after seeing heroin related stimuli, than with the similar DRD4 VNTR short repeat allele. This type of research provides information to future researchers to study this particular allele and perhaps find a â€Å"cure† for heroin addiction. While this may not be the only part of the human body that shows addiction tendencies towards heroin, it is a stepping-stone towards a future of understanding heroin addiction and maybe generalizes that information towards addictions to any substance. Addiction Addiction, in general, has been viewed from many different angles. Many influences encourage one to begin using a substance. O’Brien (2003) states that when discussing addition agent variable, there are three categories to take into consideration. First, agent variables include the onset and duration of the high, and price of the substance. Second, host variables include a risk-taking personality, likeliness of the person to get high, hereditary influences, and a desire to self-medicate. Lastly, environmental variables include peer pressure, and the use of a substance by a role model. These three groups of variables are important to take into consideration when identifying and analyzing an addiction. Viewing addiction from two perspectives, it is in one’s brain, or addiction is a chronic disease (O’Brien, 2003). Research has found that brain mapping is different in the brain of an addict than it is in the brain of a non-addict. Applying the disease approach to addiction, relapses are common and cannot be helped. The philosophy resembles the thoughts such as â€Å"would you punish a diabetic for having a sugar crash? † Many times the ideas behind addiction are challenging for people to comprehend when they have not had an addiction themselves or seen another person go through it. It is important for researchers to study addiction so that we can better understand it and help those who are addicted to substances. According to the DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000), an addiction to heroin would be classified as an opioid dependence. The characteristics of a person who is dependent upon heroin (a member of the opioid family) include the use of the drug without a prescription, self-medicating, obsession with obtaining the drug, high tolerance for the drug, and withdrawal symptoms when use is abruptly ended. Chiang, et al. (2006), looked at the likelihood of relapse for heroin users and found that of their 166 heroin abusers, approximately 80% of them relapsed in the five-year study. This is a larger percentage and ties into the idea of heroin addiction being a chronic disease that affects an individual throughout their life. Treatment With relapse having such prevalence in the life of heroin abusers trying to abstain, finding a successful treatment program is an important task. Blanken, et al. 2005), found significant success in programs that utilized a mix of heroin and methadone as a treatment to curb withdrawal symptoms, over those that used only methadone. One may question the help of using an addictive substance to treat an addiction, but it is similar to the idea of weaning a child off breast milk by slowly introducing bottles alongside the breast. While it takes some time for the weaning process, it decreases the likelihood of relapse. Gossop, Stewart, and Marsden (2006) found th at participants in a methadone treatment program, who received drug related counseling, were less likely to elapse than those who received generic or no counseling. This is important information for clinics that have methadone treatments programs because they can use the research to enhance their programs to better fit their patients and help in their treatments. Research (Marissen, et al. , 2006) has found that in-patient patients, who showed interest towards heroin related cues, were more likely to relapse after treatment, than those who did not show interest in the cues. The next steps for future research may include assessing whether the desire for heroin makes treatment more difficult. Whether an addict has a problem in their brain, or whether they have a chronic disease, heroin use and abuse is a grave topic for consideration (O’Brien, 2003). From the characteristics that push a person to first try heroin, to the nagging need for the high of just one more hit, the drug is a dangerous chemical that can have serious repercussions on both the brain and the body. Researcher need to continue their work in examining heroin as a chemical, drug, and addictive substance in order to assist in the best treatment for its use. With continued research, there may be a cure for heroin addiction, or even addiction itself. References American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th Ed, Text Revision). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Blanken, P. , Hendriks, V. M. , Koeter, M. W. J. , van Ree, J. M. , van den Brink, W. (2005). Matching of treatment-resistant heroin-dependent patients to medical prescription or heroin or oral methadone treatment: Results from two randomized controlled trials. Addiction, 100, 89-95. Chiang, S. -C.. Chan, H. -Y. , Chen, C. -H. , Sun, H. -J. , Chang, H. -J. , Chen, W. J. , Lin, S. -K. , Chen, C. -K. (2006). Recidivism among male subjects incarcerated for illicit drug use in Taiwan. Psychiatry Clinical Neurosciences, 60, 444-451. Firth, A. Y. (2005). Heroin and diplopia. Addiction, 100, 46-50. Franken, I. H. A. , Stam, C. J. , Hendriks, V. M. , van den Brink, W. (2004). Electroencephalographic power and coherence analyses suggest altered brain function in abstinent male heroin-dependent patients. Neuropsychobiology, 49, 105-110. Gossop, M. , Stewart, D. , Marsden, J. (2006). Effectiveness of drug and alcohol counseling during methadone treatment: content, frequency, and duration of counseling and association with substance use outcomes. Addiction, 101, 404-412. HeroinAbuse. Net. (2007). History of heroin. [Website]. Retrieved July 8, 2010, from http://www. heroinabuse. net/heroin_history. php Li, L. , Lu, G. , Yao, H. , Zhao, Y. , Feng, Z. , Yew, D. T. (2005). Postmortem changes in the central nervous system and adrenal medulla of the heroin addicts. International Journal of Neuroscience, 115, 1443-1449. Marissen, M. A. E. , Franken, I. H. A. , Waters, A. J. , Blanken, P. , van den Brink, W. , Hendriks, V. M. (2006). Attentional bias predicts heroin relapse following treatment. Addiction, 9, 1306-1312. National Kidney Foundation. (2008). Drug abuse and your kidneys. [Website]. Retrieved July 10, 2010, from http://www. kidney. org/atoz/atozItem. cfm? id=44 O’Brien, C. P. (2003). Research advances in the understanding and treatment of addiction. The Journal on Addictions, 12, S36-S47. PBS. (1998). Opium throughout history. [Website]. Retrieved July 18, 2010, from http://www. pbs. org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/heroin/etc/history. html Shao, C. , Li, Y. , Jiang, K. , Xu, Y. , Lin, Y. , Wang, Q. , Zhao, M. , Jin, L. (2006). Dopamine D4 receptor polymorphism modulates cue-elicited heroin craving in Chinese. Psychopharmacology, 186, 185-190.

Global Common essays

Global Common essays According to James E. Post, common is a shared resource, such as land, air, or water that a group of people uses collectively. In the article title, Water: Critical shortages ahead?-water is a resource shared globally and its consumption has raised six fold between 1900 and 1995-more than double the rate of population growth. According to a 1997 United Nations assessment of freshwater resources found that one third of the worlds population lives in countries experiencing moderate to high water stress. Moderate to high stress translates to consumption levels that exceed 20 percent of available supply. The article, points out that, much of the projected increase in water demand will occur in developing countries, where population growth, industrial and agricultural expansion will be greatest. As a result, the World Resources Institute states that, agriculture already accounts for about 70 percent of water consumption worldwide and the United Nations projects a 50 to 100 percent increas e in irrigation water by 2025. The article points out that if water demand continues to grow and agriculture continues to dominate the water usage worldwide, water supplies will shrink and groundwater reserves will began to be depleted faster than they can be replenished by precipitation. This will have a negative impact throughout the globe as countries and societies will began to experience water scarcity-especially the low income nations. This will drive the industrialize nations to regulate the consumption of water as well as raise the price of water to discourage waste and abusive. This will greatly affect the low-income nations as they lack the financial and technological capabilities to keep up with the raise demands of water. According to the World Resources institute, this situation has already caused serious water shortages to develop in some regions, shortchanging human water needs and damaging aquatic ecosyst...

World War ll Through the1970's Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

World War ll Through the1970's - Essay Example These decades witnessed widespread economic and political changes, which shaped America’s gender dynamics and civil rights conditions. Though there are numerous major events during this time, this paper focuses on the dropping of the atomic bomb on Japan and Rosa Park’s refusal to give up her bus seat for a white man. This paper reviews several important historical landmarks and their effects on modern American society, economy, politics, and culture. It also explores America’s reluctance to join World War II, the role that women played to win World War II, changes in civil rights after World War II, the effect of the Vietnam War on the political awareness of American youth, and the impact of President Johnson’s â€Å"Great Society† program on modern times. These events demonstrated that World War II and other influential individuals helped promote social inequity, as well as economic and political development, in America.... Wars cost millions to billions of dollars, not counting the lives lost in the process, so Americans thought it best not to engage in a new war, as it dabs on its economic and psychological post-World War I wounds. World War II depicted the military and technological skills of the U.S., specifically after it dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, because it not only ended this war, but sealed the fate of the U.S. as the new superpower of the world. On August 6, 1945, the first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, and on August 9, another bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. On August 15, Japan surrendered to the Allies and signed the Instrument of Surrender on September 2, which officially ended World War II. The bombings resulted in post-war agreements that banned nuclear armament development. Scholars disagree on whether the atomic bombs truly forced Japan to hastily capitulate to the Allies, although the Office of the Historian (2012) and Freedman and Dockrill (2004) argued that these bombs shocked Japan into surrendering. The effects of the atomic bombing affected how Americans see nuclear weapons. For some Americans, the destruction of Japan through the atomic bombs sparked fear, not only against nuclear proliferation, but also against the media and the government, who have been increasingly charged of manipulating facts to support their political agenda (Jowett & O’Donnell, 2012, p.171). Despite the social pattern of distrust, it cannot be denied that World War II boosted the economy of the U.S. During the war, federal spending increased by $72 billion (Schug et al., 1993, p.192). Industries related to the war flourished, including steel, aluminum, copper, and rubber industries.

Strategic Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategic Plan - Essay Example The focal point of this notion declares that it has become highly necessary for school managements to realize and acknowledge the importance of developing a comprehensive strategic design in governing the operations of the institution. Therefore, the purpose of this strategic plan for Paulo Freire Charter School (PFCS) is to critically analyze, examine and assess the extensive categories of strategic planning and implementation with respect to the organization. The report aims to achieve this purpose by specifically addressing particular areas of strategy which are classified under the implementation plan, organizational change management strategies, strategic financial management and risk management plan for Paulo Freire Charter School (PFCS). Implementation Plan Gamage (2006) states that the stage of planning is conducted prior to decision-making as the entire concept fundamentally defines the chronological activities that are to undertaken by an organization for the attainment of its overall objectives. Once conducted in an effective manner, planning can also aid the enhancement of various processes within the school; these processes include resource utilization, agreement on management practices and leadership styles or approaches and granting the management, staff and students with a shared vision and a sense of direction (Gamage 2006). To understand the concept of strategic planning in a systematic manner it is important to realize the basic processes which it is comprised of, these processes include; establishing objectives, setting targets and placing appropriate monitors of performance and allocating organizational resources (Spee and Jarzabkowski 2011). The subsequent sections of the strategic plan for Paulo Freire Charter School (PFCS) aim to follow this pattern of progress with the integration of pertinent educational management concepts and dimensions. Objectives Davies and Ellison (2013) highlight the distinguishing features of an Improvement Obje ctive (IO) which is defined as the focus of what an educational institution aims to attain as a consequence of commencing development projects for the school. This notion presents a contrast from the long-term objectives of a school because it is specific to a particular phase or associated with a specific activity. Accordingly, identifying the association between the objectives and the vision of an educational institution holds immense importance because each concept is a reflection of the other. As a centre of learning, PFCS aims to be the forerunner in a highly competitive industry by promoting the highest standards of knowledge, ethics and innovation. The foundations of the school rest on four principles which are that of Inquiry, Investigation, Reflection and Action (Paulo Freire Charter School 2012). This notion postulates that the organization’s adoption of the inquiry based instructional model is the focal point in the achievement of its long-term objectives. Conseque ntly, the formulation of appropriate objectives and there subsequent achievement by the school is also critical to its financial

Cultural Differences Between Countries

Cultural Differences Between Countries Abstract Objectives To explore to what extend the cultural differences between countries affect the education of emigrant children and also address the issues related to it. Background The importance of cultural differences is getting more and more in the present age. There exist a number of multi-cultural societies and a lot of people have to work or collaborate across geographical or cultural borders. This phenomenon is also affecting the educational system of countries around the world. The children from a different cultural background have to face a number of issues while studying in a foreign school. Nevertheless, emigrant children have equal rights to study in a school. Education is a fundamental right for children regardless of their cultural background. Methods Literature search was done on Pub Med, Google books, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Questia.com and ZETOC. The key words that were used for searching were emigrant, education, cultural differences, and cultural issues. Selection Criteria Several studies were selected for critical appraisal which has different methodological approaches. The study made use of qualitative, quantitative as well as mixed approaches. A scale was used in the quantitative research study which displayed the critical analysis done by the author. Introduction The world has now turned into a global village. The advances in information technology have made it easier to travel across geographical borders and communicate across time and space. But unfortunately the technological revolution hasnt done anything to facilitate better communication inter-culturally. In order to have an effective collaboration between cultures, efforts must be made to develop common shared meanings. For that purpose, we have to understand the cultural differences among us and share cultural information. Background Globalization has lessened the importance of boundaries between countries. People now travel across borders for job, education, trade, and leisure. The past decade has witnessed an immense increase in the number of emigrants in almost all developed countries. Countries like USA and UK are flooded with emigrants. Majority of them reach here for job assignments and business purposes. The new environment may not be quite welcoming to these people. They may find a number of factors there that hurt their cultural values and beliefs. For this purpose, most of the companies provide cross-cultural training for their expatriate employees. But the effect of these cultural differences on their family members is often neglected. The most affected group among the emigrant population is the children. They often have to face a variety of issues while studying in a new educational system. And they are the most affected by these cultural differences. Adler (1997) proposed that culture, values, attitude and behaviors are interconnected and influence each other in a society. Values are aspects that have a direct or indirect impact on our decisions. Values can be both conscious and unconscious. Values of an individual are affected by his culture. It is through attitudes that a person expresses his values and makes us react in a particular manner. Thus a persons attitude is being revealed indirectly through his actions. Any form of human action can be considered as behavior. Thus the overall culture of a society is affected by the behavior of its people. Hence culture cannot exist without peoples behavior. The education system of each country is different and is influenced by the native culture and norms. Hence the emigrant children will be encountered with certain issues that could happen due to these cultural disparities. The situation of emigrant children into schools and other educational institutions will be depend upon the type of school, duration of attending, evidences for achievement etc. In some countries like Germany, migrant children enroll at a late age and at a lower rate compared to their peers. Another aspect that invites criticism regarding enrolment is the placement of emigrant children in lower than their age-appropriate schools. This situation cannot be avoided in schools where they are no transitory classes. But with this the emigrant kids remain in this situation due to lack of motivation and support for catching up with native kids of same age. Hence these kids end up as low performers with less academic qualifications. They are considered as secondary citizens. Even when this is an issue that needs immediate concern, there is a dearth of research being done in this area. Critical Appraisal There has been many studies done on the cultural issues of emigrants but research on the specific cultural problems affecting the education of emigrant children is limited. Culture itself is very sensitive area. Huijser (2006) defined culture as a groups set of shared norms and values, expressed in the behavior of its group members. According to Schein (1991), culture is the shared norms, values and modes of behavior that characterize a group of individuals. His model views culture at three levels-the visible artifact level, values, and basic underlying assumptions. The first level focuses on the visible aspects of culture like food and clothing. The second level is mainly concerned with the beliefs about what is right and wrong. The third level reflects on the basic beliefs about human nature and its relationship with others. The emigrant life as well as that of expatriates can be related more to the artifact or value levels. A number of writers have applied the culture concept to national cultures and have developed dimensions on which national cultures differ (Trompenaars, 1993) There are six dimensions on the basis of which cultural differences can be analyzed (Adler 1997). These dimensions are: Understanding the nature of people The persons relationship to the external environment The persons relationship to other people The primary mode of activity. Peoples orientation to space The persons temporal orientation. Apart from the above, language and communication skills can also be considered as dimensions to cultural differences (Gudykunst, 1986; Tannen, 1990). An emigrant can be defined as a national who is living in a foreign land on a temporary basis for work reasons (Sayad 2004). The extent to which the cultural beliefs are different from one country to another is known as cultural distance (Kogut Singh, 1988). Thus cultures vary from country to country based upon the dimensions (Brouthers Brouthers 2001). The cultural distance can be challenging for emigrants since they have to adapt to a new different culture (Black Mendenhall, 1992). The work performance, ability to accomplish tasks as well as socialization is being affected by this cultural distance (Stahl Caliguri, 2005). It is always useful to identify and understand the personal characteristics of individuals who could reduce the distance between the emigrant and the natives since the emigrants would get into close ties with these people (Harrison, Shaffer Bhaskar-Shrinivas, 2004). If there is high cultural distance, that means there exists customs and values which are unfamiliar to the emigrant. Gaining experience in different cultural context would help the emigrant to develop a global mindset and can cause an overall transformation of identity (Kohonen 2005; Sanchez, Spector Cooper, 2000). Adapting to a different environment demands the emigrant for self-examining ones own behavior and as the disparity between home and host culture increases, greater the need for self-examination. A sense making process is considered to be behind this event and there also exists a sense of coherence which integrates the personal characteristics with ones own previous experiences (Glanz, William Hoeksema, 2001; Stahl, Miller Tung, 2002). Those individuals who are capable of adapting effectively are considered to be social brokers who could integrate the opinions and suggestions obtained from people with local interpretation schemes or cultural expectations. Those who have migrated to a destination country at a younger age and completed primary and high school are mostly economically powerful as they know the language and are culturally inclined (Chiswick and Miller, 1996). In US studies related to the immigrant children have shown that blacks and Latinos have lesser grades than natives, while a child of second generation born to a native mother also has a higher chance of attaining graduation (Bankston and Zhou, 2002). Educational and societal systems in a country affect the immigrant children in a wide variety of ways (Dronkers and de Heus, (2010)). Educational systems in different countries are organized in different ways. The performance and achievement of emigrant children with respect to education is measured based on standardization, differentiation and the availability of resources in the destination and origin countries (Shavit and Mà ¼ller, 1998; Wà ¶ssmann, 2003; Buchmann and Hannum, 2001). If a countrys educational system is more differentiated taking into account the social characteristics, it is seen that the native students outperform immigrant students in the country (OECD 2007). A study by Ammermà ¼ller (2005) showed that those students who have options to choose different school types have a better chance of performing well. In order to study the effect of characteristics of both origin and destination countries and the educational system in these countries, Levels et al. (2008) took into consideration the political, cultural and economic macro-characteristics. Educational performance of immigrant children is affected by the countries educational system only if the child has received a part of the education in origin country. According to Rumbaut (2004) there is difference in the academic performance of immigrant children who migrated at an early age to the destination country and those who have migrated at a later age. The choice of schools and educational institutions and their differentiation is largely influenced by the choices of parents in case of younger children (Pfeffer 2008). Thus the knowledge of parents in this respect is an important resource. It is also observed that those immigrants who have are of a lower class in the society in terms of education, economy and knowledge of educational ins titutions etc. will choose a lower stream of educational institution for their children. The lack knowledge of the language and culture acts as a base for this to happen. (van de Werfhorst and van Tubergen, 2007). Dronkers, (2010), revealed that the individual cultural and family background of the students influenced the way they performed in the academically. In case of education system migrant students are always at a disadvantage. The scientific performance of students in politically unstable countries is poor. The scientific literacy of immigrants are influenced or in one way affected by the cultural, social and economic characteristics of the origin and destination countries. There exist a large difference in the culture of one country and other, these results in less understanding among the different groups in the country and the immigrant population (Owen, Eisner and McFaul, 1981). Conclusion There are various issues the affect the emigrant children, one of the most important issue concerning them is their education. Numerous studies and researches have been conducted in this regard. Cultural variations in a country affect the educational performance of emigrant children. Religion an important aspect of culture in a origin and destination country also effect the emigrant education (Dronkers Fleishmann (2010). Researches done in Europe to a large extend cover the countries both in Europe as well as outside Europe. Important countries where researches were done are Canada, England, France and the USA. Various scientific studies have been carried out in this aspect based on these countries in Europe. One of the main drawbacks in this kind of a study is that not many countries are included in the study and not all groups of emigrants are taken into consideration. APPENDIX Policy Framework There are many frameworks of policies in the western countries including UK regarding protecting the rights of immigrant population. Discrimination of immigrant people especially children are addressed through various laws formulated in the country. Government has certain policies and rules that help the immigrant population to blend with the culture of the host country; this is to prevent the immigrant children from feeling the discrimination that can affect their educational performance (Portes and Zhou, 1993). Migrant Integration Policy Index(MIPEX), this helps the national governing bodies measure the access the migrants have in politics, labour market and other spheres (Niessen, Huddleston and Citron, 2007). Thus it is noted that the immigrant children perform well academically in a country where the immigrant policies are well established. British Race Relation Act and European Union Council Directives help provide equal treatment for all in the country.

Physician-Assisted Suicide Essays -- Medicine Medical Death Papers

Physician-Assisted Suicide In today's society, a very controversial issue is physician-assisted suicide for terminally ill patients. Many people feel that it is wrong for people, regardless of their health situation, to ask their doctor or attendant to end their life. Others feel it is their right to be able to choose how and when they die. When a doctor is asked to help a patient to their death, they have certain responsibilities that come along with it. Among these duties, they must prove valid information as to the terminal illness the patient is suffering. They also must educate the patient as to what their final options may be. When they make the decision of whether or not to help the patient into death, and should they accept responsibility, they must provide the lethal dose of medicines that will end the life of the patient. For those, myself included, who believe physician-assisted suicide should be their choice, we feel it should be legalized because: they don't want to go through the suffering caused by the illness they have. They fear the loss of their independence because they feel they become a burden to their family or friends. On the other hand those opposed to the issue of assisted suicide feel it goes against religious beliefs and common medical ethics. They also believe that there is always the possibility that a miracle will occur and the patient will overcome the illness and also that the doctor could have provided the wrong diagnosis to the patient initially. The strongest reason against physician-assisted suicide has been the idea that if assisted suicide becomes legal, it will get out of hand and target certain people in society, such as those with disabilities. In 1990, physician-assi... ...you, unless you become a patient. With the freedoms offered to us, we should not even have to ask a doctor for permission about suicide. People should be allowed to decide their fate, just as they can decide whether to drive or walk to the grocery store. This should be the case, especially for terminally ill patients who are greatly affected by a disease. The writer feels that life is something that is valuable, even when people can't move around themselves, or can't do all things for themselves. Life isn't just something that everyone inherits. People were given life for a reason, and whether that reason is to work through a terminal illness or to make it through life without any health problems, nobody should be able to choose their time of death. Someone who fights through a terminal illness dies with more dignity than someone who takes the easy way out does. Physician-Assisted Suicide Essays -- Medicine Medical Death Papers Physician-Assisted Suicide In today's society, a very controversial issue is physician-assisted suicide for terminally ill patients. Many people feel that it is wrong for people, regardless of their health situation, to ask their doctor or attendant to end their life. Others feel it is their right to be able to choose how and when they die. When a doctor is asked to help a patient to their death, they have certain responsibilities that come along with it. Among these duties, they must prove valid information as to the terminal illness the patient is suffering. They also must educate the patient as to what their final options may be. When they make the decision of whether or not to help the patient into death, and should they accept responsibility, they must provide the lethal dose of medicines that will end the life of the patient. For those, myself included, who believe physician-assisted suicide should be their choice, we feel it should be legalized because: they don't want to go through the suffering caused by the illness they have. They fear the loss of their independence because they feel they become a burden to their family or friends. On the other hand those opposed to the issue of assisted suicide feel it goes against religious beliefs and common medical ethics. They also believe that there is always the possibility that a miracle will occur and the patient will overcome the illness and also that the doctor could have provided the wrong diagnosis to the patient initially. The strongest reason against physician-assisted suicide has been the idea that if assisted suicide becomes legal, it will get out of hand and target certain people in society, such as those with disabilities. In 1990, physician-assi... ...you, unless you become a patient. With the freedoms offered to us, we should not even have to ask a doctor for permission about suicide. People should be allowed to decide their fate, just as they can decide whether to drive or walk to the grocery store. This should be the case, especially for terminally ill patients who are greatly affected by a disease. The writer feels that life is something that is valuable, even when people can't move around themselves, or can't do all things for themselves. Life isn't just something that everyone inherits. People were given life for a reason, and whether that reason is to work through a terminal illness or to make it through life without any health problems, nobody should be able to choose their time of death. Someone who fights through a terminal illness dies with more dignity than someone who takes the easy way out does.

Fine arts Essay

A study conducted has discovered the role of fine arts for the development of students in elementary school level of study. It focuses on various issues that surround the student at that level of study. The systems used during the transfer of knowledge, overall development of the student both mentally, physically and emotionally at that level of study and the attitude the student has towards school at that level has been studied. The data that was collected in an elementary school has also been seen where it shows that the students who undergo elementary level of education in arts section are well fit in society as compared to those who have not undergone. They are seen to posses’ higher self esteem and are also highly motivated to achieve in higher levels of learning. The parents were able to confirm the observations of their children who have undergone the fine arts education. The study has also looked into the role of elementary school teachers and the challenges they face in the performance of their duties. The study also looked into the limits the fine arts can go to. It is seen that fine arts has many related faculties in the higher levels of education (Evans, 2008). Introduction Art cannot be seen to answer the questions that people face in their daily lives. It can only make us to be conscious of the reality of the problems that we face in life. Arts contribution is seen in various areas which include math, analysis, cognitive capability, possession of critical thoughts and communication skills. The study of fine arts is also seen to be important in developing motivation, awareness, self belief and joint effort. Fine arts on the other hand play a major role in doing away with the gap that exists in children in society. Since arts plays a crucial role in the lives of various individuals in the world the propagators who are the art teachers have a very important role to play in it. Some of the important things they do include discovering the Childs individual needs give instruction based on the need offer a conducive learning environment and help the children in general knowledge acquisition. They also have a major role in modeling their students. The teachers though they play a critical role in the student’s ability are faced with various challenges which range from personal to those caused by other stake holders in the institution. Arts have been able to go to greater heights since most individuals have realized its importance. It has therefore been made to be part of the school curriculum, where it is integrated with other subjects. Other facets of the study of fine art in education have been looked into. They range from protectionism technology education and media arts in education (Gist, 2007). Literature review According to Abakanowicz Arts education helps to solve troubles faced by individuals. To him arts are related to almost all things that affect almost all nations in the world. It ranges from success in academics, social and emotional growth of the individuals, public commitment and equal opportunities in life. The Rand Corporation in their 2005 report with reference to illustrated arts argues that inborn pleasures and the spur of the art skill have so many effects in an individual’s life. It has been said in the report that arts bond people to the world and enable them to have other dimensions of looking at things in the world. By doing all that to a social human being it encourages togetherness and peaceful coexistence in the society. To them learning fine arts in schools helps in reducing the breach that has contributed to leaving some children behind in education sectors (Shiner, 2003). According to the 2007-08 AEP state policy database, education plan has been able to recognize the worth of arts in their daily day to day activities. About half the states in world have made art education compulsory while most of them have set arts education principles and others have set the necessary requirements for high school graduation. The American act put forward in 1994 acknowledged arts to be made to be one of the subjects that all schools in the United States should teach. According to the study carried out by Johns Hopkins in his Music lessons, it is seen that scientists can now use imaging expertise to keep track of the brain action while the students play various instruments. He found out that inventiveness run when some areas of the brain that control hang-up and self discipline are shut. According to Michael Posner of University of Oregon the arts has a role in growth of concentration in an individual. To him imaging know how is so receptive that it can be able to distinguish the brain action of students engaging in two different activities. The Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw is a school that was established mainly for the purposes of art. It has been able to run seven faculties with specializations. It has been able to create employment for many professionals. It is also conducting various researches in different fields. They also offer various degree programs (Bresler, 2007). Findings Children from higher income earning parents are often exposed to arts whether the public schools offer or not. Those from poor backgrounds do not have that opportunity as their parents cannot afford the cost of meeting the required expenses. Arts have therefore helped the children from poor backgrounds to have higher heights in play fields with the children who have had the experiences earlier on. The classes in elementary level have different sizes and contain students with different gifts interests and wishes. A teacher is therefore faced with the problem of being able to accommodate all the students. A teacher has to acquire different methods of instruction in order to deal with each and every need of the student. By so doing he or she will be able to keep and improve individual learning. Often the teacher receive complains from the parents concerning the performance of their children as they think that the teacher is the only individual who hold the key to the child’s success. Most teachers in elementary level are each responsible for a class of students and they train nearly all subjects. They therefore have to look for ways of ensuring success for every child. Some may therefore decide to teach together or teach various subjects at different levels. The teachers have to be ready to work with children and to enable them to develop helpful self concepts in the child and whole development through giving them an opportunity to work paying attention to their needs and engaging them in team work (Sargent, 2010). Taking part in art especially music, boost the capability of an individual to concentrate in various activities. Hence schools which do not offer art as part of their curriculum are working against the rule of how learning occurs. They should use art as an educational tool where things are integrated to ensure effective learning, for example in music use of musical notes helps in lessons of fractions in mathematics. Arts should therefore be incorporated to other subjects to ensure its effectiveness. The pressure to increase the test scores has been a challenge as it has led to condensation of the time given to art subjects. Arts if taken into consideration have the ability to create employment for most professionals while giving children an opportunity to participate in various fields of their interests. It also enables people to gain new knowledge as the professionals in various faculties continually conduct research in their fields. The department of arts in various universities offers financial assistance to students in various departments since students from performing arts comes from the entire university. It also offers scholarships to allow people to do away with individual differences brought by culture, education and individual ability (Hurwitz & Day, 2006). Technology education has turned out to be the latest version of what used to be vocational education. It has been passed from one culture to the other and is highly ranked in the American society. It is seen to prepare people for job opportunities and to be productive in society. Media arts education on the other hand focuses on individual goals of self expression and creativity. This facet work directly with students in schools and other times teachers. Conclusion Art education should start with the belief by all the participants that art is valuable. A student should therefore be provided with art education at the elementary level so as to be able to develop their own personal abilities, talents and interests. Teachers specializing in elementary school level should be given enough training so as to be able to deal with various child differences . More research should also be carried out to dig deeper into the importance of arts education in various individuals. References Bresler, L. (2007). International handbook of research in arts education. New York: Springer Evans, B. L. (2008). The Limits of Art. London: Taylor & Francis Gist, S. (2007). Clarifying the Teacher’s Problems. New York: READ BOOKS Hurwitz, A. , & Day, M. (2006). Children and their art: methods for the elementary school. 8th ed. New York: Cengage Learning Sargent, W. (2010). Fine and Industrial Arts in Elementary Schools. New York: General Books Shiner, L. (2003). The Invention of Art: A Cultural History. Chicogo: University of Chicago Press

Practice Essay Analyzing Literary Trends - 2776 Words

first one essay ; - Play the role of a tour guide and describe the Parthenon. Include historical background and location information as well as architectural characteristics. Click the link to view the mouse4 Parthenon Tour Guide Rubric. - Compare the styles of the Archaic and Classical periods of Greek sculpture. Cite specific artworks to help illustrate your comparison. Click the link to view the mouse4 Archaic and Classical Greek Sculpture Rubric. - Much is made of the temples and public buildings of ancient Greece, for good reason. But what were the houses of the average Greek citizen like? You will have to do some outside research for this topic. Include architectural descriptions and historical background information.†¦show more content†¦The theme is conveyed through the struggles of Miller’s main character, John Proctor. [Summary] Act one begins with Reverend Parris praying over her daughter, Betty Parris, who lies unconscious on her bed. Through conversations between Reverend Parris and his niece Abigail Williams, and between several girls, the audience learns that these girls, including Abigail and Betty, were engaged in occultic activities in the forest lead by Tituba, Parris’ slave from Barbados. Parris caught them and jumped from a bush startling the girls. Betty fainted and had not recovered. During this session, Abigail drank chicken blood to kill Elizabeth Proctor. She tells the girls that she will kill anyone who mutters a word about what happened. The townspeople do not know exactly what the girls were doing but there are rumors of witchcraft. John Proctor enters the room where Betty lies faint. Abigail is still in there and she tries to seduce him. Proctor is a farmer who has had an affair with Abigail a while ago, but now he wants to forget it. Reverend John Hale is summone d to look upon Betty and the research the incident. He is an expert in occultic phenomena and he is eager to show his knowledge. He questions Abigail who accuses Tituba as being a witch. Tituba, afraid of being hanged, confesses faith in God and accuses Goody Good and Goody Osborne of witchcraft. Abigail and Betty, who has woken up, claim to have been bewitched and confess faith in God. 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